Knowing the components of Economic education provides the dynamic background of education in this field. The aim of the current research is to investigate the indicators and components of the Economic education curriculum. The approach of the current research is qualitative and its method is research synthesis. The research community is all the articles (211 articles) that have been presented from 1390 to 1401 AD and from 2010 to 2022 AD regarding Economic education in curricula. The sample of the research is 32 articles, which were selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical data saturation, and purposefully. The research data were collected from the qualitative analysis of the studied articles. By analyzing the data, the dimensions of vitality in the curriculum of the elementary school in 4 factors and 55 categories including the dimension of individual factors (including indicators and components related to personality characteristics); The dimension of culture and Economic ethics (Economic fields in the society); The dimension of Economic concepts and knowledge (indices in Economic education) and the dimension of collective and communication concepts (communication and interaction indicators in education) were classified. Economic education is dependent on internal and external components in educational systems, which requires macro-planning in this field.

Before the urban changes in BabolSar in the Reza Shah Pahlavi era, the identity of this city was tied to its port, custom and fishery, and it was known as MashadSar Port. In Reza Shah Pahlavi era, special cultural and Economic evolution happened in international, national and local stages and made BabolSar to experience fundamental urban changes. This article tries to elicit and interpret these evolutions and analyze many formal and informal historical narratives. It uses sources such as itinerary, documents, newspapers of 1928-1941, local, national, and international histories, and applies technics such as deep interview, group discussion, and oral history. It uses qualitative method and applies grounded theory to analyze information. Concepts are categorized in following seven categories: The necessity for going out of port economy (as causes), Preparation of local forces (as intervening conditions), dominant nature (as context conditions), managing forces and violence (as strategies), transforming identity, and changing role of foreigners (as consequences). The core category is “ creative destruction” which covers all of the mentioned categories.

Nowadays, virtual technology has left its impact on all the aspects and dimensions of human life. As with the emergence of traditional and industrial technologies in the past, people's ideas about many things, including lifestyles, production and productivity processes, work and labor systems, industrial and professional services, social relations and education, etc., have changed. Concepts have also undergone semantic and conceptual transformations. For example, the emergence of concepts such as cyber democracy, technological revolution, media literacy, digital enlightenment, digital identity, and... are also among the changes and transformations that have occurred under the influence of the emergence of new technologies. In this article, we will mention the consequences of the evolution of new technologies in the field of education and especially the Turns that occur in education and training due to technological advances.Keywords: Virtual Space, Challenges, Deterritorialization, Turn, Education, Pedagogy Synopsis: The emergence of new technologies even by entering scientific categories has also created changes in the relevant fields, including the entry of technology into the realm of biology under the title of bio-technology and special attention to the human genome project and then explaining its implications regarding ethics and political considerations, as well as trying to solve problems caused by genetic disabilities in the matter of learning. With the advent of the computer, scientific work in the field of psychology has also changed, as with the presence of the computer, new models of mental and cognitive development and growth have emerged, which have generally transformed the processes and mechanisms and the content of mental development and transformation, as well as intelligence-based learning. The consequences of new technologies, especially the new information and communication technologies like Artificial Intelligence that have generally emerged in the form of virtual spaces, are considered a fundamental challenge for social, cultural, Economic, and especially educational systems. This challenge can be considered negative and also positive. Why the aforementioned consequences are considered a positive challenge for some educational systems and a negative challenge for some educational systems is related to the philosophical, social, cultural, and ideological foundations governing those educational systems. This article seeks to propose the basic point that by accepting the inevitable presence of virtual space in the educational system, there will be a turn in the orientations, foundations, goals, and pedagogical processes of the educational system that this turn may be positive for some educational system or considered negative for some other educational system. These Turns have a special challenging feature for the educational system that is mentioned in this article; including turning from technological education philosophy to technological philosophy of education, turning from striated space to smooth space, turning from tracing to mapping, and finally turning from vertical folding to horizontal, that each of them creates a different image of the flow of education.It seems that what was said about the function of virtual space can be summarized in a general concept and that is deterritorialization, and this deterritorialization has a greater manifestation, especially in education. Because education itself includes a general spectrum of social and human life and in itself, it has almost everything that human and social life needs. It can be safely said that technology and virtual space are all the elements of education, including the foundations, goals, principles, methods, and mechanisms of educational evaluation, and in other words, mechanisms it has influenced the pedagogy. One of the most important consequences of technology and virtual space for education and training is deterritorialization in education. We are talking about a territory in which educational programs are supposed to be realized. This territory can be the same boundaries within which educational programs gain meaning. For this reason, any event that means removing the boundaries and if there is a defined gap in education is interpreted as a fundamental challenge for education.Conclusion: New Technologies Creates New Face of EducationAddressing the consequences of the presence of new technologies in various fields of life, including education, is at the top of the efforts of thinkers in the field of technology and education. Today, technology is undoubtedly not an independent category of human identity but is an undeniable part of existence and human life. Although in the view of technology as a tool, it has been a man who has tried to use it as he sees fit and manage it as he likes. But today, technology is not only a mediator between man and the environment; it is the factor of creating concepts, decentralization of knowledge, digital enlightenment, and creating new experiences, identities, and new facts. In addition to the developmental aspect of technology, exploration is also one of the existential functions of technology. Creating new concepts in education, creating New environments, and new pedagogies, presenting a new definition of a person and his identity, combining technology with human behavior and personality, etc. are among the functions of new technology, which, with the Turns it creates, transforms the traditional and metaphysical ideas of education into marginalized and creates a new and creative perspective for education that should be taken into consideration by education philosophers on the one hand and educational policymakers on the other hand.

In this paper, it has been tried to utilize a simple traffic element like U-Turn to solve the worst traffic problem which is the conflict between through traffic movements. This is currently being achieved by using intersections and traffic signals. This method - which was initiated in Tehran , by allocating relatively little budget would remove signalizations and continue the refuge to replace disrupted traffic with continuous traffic flow. The presented models in this paper are based upon traffic theories and actual field measurements. Currently, many of these U-Turns have been constructed in expressways and arterials of Tehran and have caused smooth traffic flow.

The unexpected victory of Trump in November 2016 had a significant impact on the regional and international momentum generated by JCPOA. The JCPOA presented an opportunity for cooperation between Iran and the US-West in the West Asian region, particularly in combating ISIS. However, the US withdrawal from the JCPOA under the Trump administration severely undermined its credibility and reliability. Moreover, this decision resulted in the imposition of severe sanctions on Iran, which found support among some regional countries. Escalating tensions, such as the downing of an American drone by Iranian forces, further heightened the intensity and scope of these conflicts. As the likelihood of Trump's participation in the upcoming US presidential campaign grows and the increasing presence of conservative extremists in the construction of American power, it becomes imperative for Iran to understand his potential strategies. Anticipating and devising a sophisticated response will be crucial. This research explores the foundations and approaches of the American strategy toward Iran during Trump's presidency. It seeks to unveil the strategies chosen by President Trump in dealing with Iran and their implications. Employing a process-tracing approach and relying on analytical descriptions, along with data collected from library sources and the internet, this study sheds light on America's intricate goals and strategies, offering suggestions for effectively engaging with and sustaining them.